This documentary shows the gender inequality in today's society.
Friday, 27 November 2015
Kirsty Wark's 'Blurred Lines: The New Battle of the Sexes'
This documentary shows the gender inequality in today's society.
Tuesday, 24 November 2015
David Cameron: "Calm down, dear"
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/david-cameron/11597739/From-calm-down-dear-to-ladies-champion-how-David-Cameron-has-solved-his-woman-problem-overnight.html
This article highlights the dominance approach in that most people who have power are in fact men. However, the article does show how times have slightly changed as the number of female cabinet ministers that prime minister John Major had, has now increased with David Cameron.
Although the current prime minister relies on women during his work, he still expressed misogynistic views when talking to Labour's Angela Eagle during a 2011 Commons debate where he said: "Calm down, dear!".
This is the clip which shows this: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=URWXkPDwG0g.
This article highlights the fact that we live in a patriarchal society and that men are more dominant than women.
This article highlights the dominance approach in that most people who have power are in fact men. However, the article does show how times have slightly changed as the number of female cabinet ministers that prime minister John Major had, has now increased with David Cameron.
Although the current prime minister relies on women during his work, he still expressed misogynistic views when talking to Labour's Angela Eagle during a 2011 Commons debate where he said: "Calm down, dear!".
This is the clip which shows this: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=URWXkPDwG0g.
This article highlights the fact that we live in a patriarchal society and that men are more dominant than women.
The 3 D's
Dominance -
We live in a patriarchal society and language represents that. The dominance approach "sees women as an oppressed group and interprets differences in women's and men's speech in terms of men's dominance and women's subordination." - Jennifer Coates (1993)
Difference -
Women belonging to "different sub-cultures" who are socialised differently from childhood onwards and who may have communication problems as adults. Deborah Tannen (1989) argues that theorists like Lakoff and Spender see language in terms of power and powerlessness. This is for the reason that throughout Western culture the masculine male has been the unmarked form in language and the feminine female the marked form. e.g. Unmarked forms - "manager" Marked forms - "manageress". Tannen says that "the desire to affirm that women are equal has made some scholars reluctant to show that they are different. These are gender differences in ways of speaking, and we need to identify and understand them." Tannen also sees male and female language in terms of status vs support, independence vs intimacy, advice vs understanding, information vs feelings. orders vs proposals and conflict vs compromise.
Deficit -
One language is inferior to the other as supported by Robin Lakoff (1975).This is the idea that men and women speak two different languages. However, Lakoff doesn't use statistics but phrases such as "many men" or "men tend to" which lacks evidence as they are just generalisations. There has also been changes since 1975. Jenny Cheshire supports this by doing a study. She found that boys use more slang than girls. Cameron challenges the whole idea that there are two different and contrasting languages for men and women arguing that this is a deficit model approach. Cameron has reevaluated stereotypes.
We live in a patriarchal society and language represents that. The dominance approach "sees women as an oppressed group and interprets differences in women's and men's speech in terms of men's dominance and women's subordination." - Jennifer Coates (1993)
Difference -
Women belonging to "different sub-cultures" who are socialised differently from childhood onwards and who may have communication problems as adults. Deborah Tannen (1989) argues that theorists like Lakoff and Spender see language in terms of power and powerlessness. This is for the reason that throughout Western culture the masculine male has been the unmarked form in language and the feminine female the marked form. e.g. Unmarked forms - "manager" Marked forms - "manageress". Tannen says that "the desire to affirm that women are equal has made some scholars reluctant to show that they are different. These are gender differences in ways of speaking, and we need to identify and understand them." Tannen also sees male and female language in terms of status vs support, independence vs intimacy, advice vs understanding, information vs feelings. orders vs proposals and conflict vs compromise.
Deficit -
One language is inferior to the other as supported by Robin Lakoff (1975).This is the idea that men and women speak two different languages. However, Lakoff doesn't use statistics but phrases such as "many men" or "men tend to" which lacks evidence as they are just generalisations. There has also been changes since 1975. Jenny Cheshire supports this by doing a study. She found that boys use more slang than girls. Cameron challenges the whole idea that there are two different and contrasting languages for men and women arguing that this is a deficit model approach. Cameron has reevaluated stereotypes.
Tuesday, 17 November 2015
Oxford Dictionary swaps Word of the Year for public's favourite emoji
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/howaboutthat/11999230/Oxford-Dictionary-swaps-Word-of-the-Year-for-publics-favourite-emoji.html
This article highlights the ever changing English language. Online communication is very popular, so popular in fact that Oxford English dictionary has swapped the word of the year for the public's favourite emoji.
This article highlights the ever changing English language. Online communication is very popular, so popular in fact that Oxford English dictionary has swapped the word of the year for the public's favourite emoji.
"What language barrier?" - Deborah Cameron
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/oct/01/gender.books
Summary:
Summary:
Do men and women speak the same language?
Simon Baron-Cohen says that the "topic was just too politically insensitive". The idea that men and women are different is controversial. Stereotypically "men never listen" and "women find it easier to talk about their feelings". The idea that men and women "speak different languages" is usually not a hypothesis but simply unquestioned.
It is obvious that men and women are physically different but it is it true that they use language in completely different ways?
Women are often employed in call centres because they are "naturally good" at talking. Is this saying that women can't work in positions of power? Is this also that men lack the ability to communicate effectively?
Baron-Cohen says that there are people with a female brain and people with a male brain. The female brain is made up of empathy and communication, whereas the male brain analyses complex systems. Is this to suggest that men are smarter than women or that women are more empathic than men? He suggests that nursing is a female brain job and the law is a male brain job.
"1 Language and communication matter more to women than to men; women talk more than men.
2 Women are more verbally skilled than men.
3 Men's goals in using language tend to be about getting things done, whereas women's tend to be about making connections to other people. Men talk more about things and facts, whereas women talk more about people, relationships and feelings.
4 Men's way of using language is competitive, reflecting their general interest in acquiring and maintaining status; women's use of language is cooperative, reflecting their preference for equality and harmony.
5 These differences routinely lead to "miscommunication" between the sexes, with each sex misinterpreting the other's intentions. This causes problems in contexts where men and women regularly interact, and especially in heterosexual relationships."
Tuesday, 10 November 2015
Bristol University: Guide to Grammar
http://www.bristol.ac.uk/arts/exercises/grammar/grammar_tutorial/index.htm
A) Handy for
revision
B) Punctuation/Structure
·
Syntax
structure (simple, compound, complex)
·
Syntax
functions (imperative, interrogative, exclaimative, declarative)
·
Punctuation
·
Graphology
(layout)
·
Discourse
·
Form,
purpose, audience
·
Spoken,
utterances
C)
Homophones, comparatives and figurative language
·
Lexis
and semantics
·
Pragmatics
D) Exam
responses
E) Other problems
·
Grammar
·
Lexis
F) Form,
purpose, audience
G) Handy for
revision
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